Crate Training

I highly recommend crate training your puppy from an early age. Not only are crates great for when you need to go away somewhere, but they are also excellent for when your dog is recovering from desexing or any other kind of surgery or an injury. It is also a great way for your dog to have it's own safe spot for when visitors are over. Some owners apply the rule to visitors that if the dog is in the crate, to leave them be as the dog needs it's own space.

Crate training is very simple. The key is, you want being in the crate to be fun. Start by feeding your dogs meals in the crate with the door open.

Over a period of time, move towards being able to shut the door on the crate whilst the dog eats. After a while, extend that to further times by treating the dog through the bars in the crate, whilst it sits quietly in the crate.

Once they have that down pat, start asking them to go inside the crate and treat them whilst they're in there (non meal times).

Soon enough they will learn that their crate is an excellent place to be. Do not use the crate as a time out area or for any negative associations.

I highly recommend teaching your dog to sit before you open the door to let it out and that the dog waits for your cue before it comes out. To do this, have your dog in the sit position at the door and put your hand on the door latch. If the dog is still sitting, reward the dog, if they move to a stand, take your hand away, ask them to sit and once they sit, reward and try again.
Keep going until the dog stays in a sit position whilst you move the latch on the door.

The next step is to open the door slightly. If the dog breaks sit, go back to the start of having them sit, and as per above, keep moving in little steps.

The last step is being able to open the door fully and still having the dog sit until you cue for them to come out. This can take quite some time and may require you to be quick with the door, but it will be worth it in the end.
If you prefer to have the dog in a drop/down position rather than a sit position, that is perfectly fine too.

I cannot recommend highly enough how valuable it is to have a crate trained dog. Whilst your dog may very rarely be in a crate, it is far less stressful for them should they ever be required to be restrained in a crate, if they are already crate trained.